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SPIVA India Mid-Year 2023

SPIVA® Europe Mid-Year 2023

SPIVA Latin America Mid-Year 2023

SPIVA U.S. Mid-Year 2023

SPIVA Australia Mid-Year 2023

SPIVA India Mid-Year 2023

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Benedek Vörös

Director, Index Investment Strategy

S&P Dow Jones Indices

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Davide Di Gioia

Director, Index Investment Strategy

S&P Dow Jones Indices

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Grace Stoddart

Quantitative Associate, Index Investment Strategy

S&P Dow Jones Indices

Summary

Since the first publication of the S&P Indices versus Active (SPIVA) U.S. Scorecard in 2002, S&P Dow Jones Indices has been the de facto scorekeeper of the ongoing active versus passive debate.

The SPIVA India Scorecard compares the performance of actively managed Indian equity and bond mutual funds with their respective benchmark indices over 1-, 3-, 5- and 10-year investment horizons.

Mid-Year 2023 Highlights

In the first half of 2023, performance among Indian active managers varied across categories.  The majority of Indian Equity Large-Cap funds failed to beat their benchmark, with 58% of actively managed funds underperforming the S&P BSE 100.  Indian ELSS funds, on the other hand, had an excellent start to the year, with only 18% underperforming the S&P BSE 200.

Exhibit #1: SPIVA India Mid-Year 2023

Indian Equity Large-Cap Funds

  • The S&P BSE 100 gained 7.1% in H1 2023, and 58.1% of active managers underperformed the benchmark over that period.
  • Underperformance rates remained high over three- and five-year periods, at 86.2% and 92.9%, respectively.
  • Active managers produced relatively better results over the 10-year period, with the underperformance rate dropping to 61.2%.

Indian ELSS Funds

  • The S&P BSE 200 was up 6.2% in the first six months of 2023, and just 17.5% of Indian ELSS funds underperformed the index. Over the longer term, the underperformance rate rose, with 66.7% of funds underperforming the benchmark over the 10-year period.
  • Indian ELSS funds achieved the second-highest long-term survival rate across all categories in our SPIVA India Scorecard, with 75.0% of them still surviving after 10 years.

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SPIVA® Europe Mid-Year 2023

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Benedek Vörös

Director, Index Investment Strategy

S&P Dow Jones Indices

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Maya Beyhan

Senior Director, ESG Specialist, Index Investment Strategy

S&P Dow Jones Indices

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Davide Di Gioia

Director, Index Investment Strategy

S&P Dow Jones Indices

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Grace Stoddart

Quantitative Associate, Index Investment Strategy

S&P Dow Jones Indices

Inaugurated in 2002, the S&P Indices versus Active (SPIVA) U.S. Scorecard has since been extended to Australia, Canada, Europe, India, Japan, Latin America, South Africa and the Middle East & North Africa (MENA), allowing investors to experience the active versus passive debate on a global scale.  First published in 2014, the semiannual SPIVA Europe Scorecard reports on the performance of actively managed funds domiciled across Europe.

Mid-Year 2023 Highlights

It was a challenging first half of 2023 for active managers in European equities, with over one-quarter of 22 categories recording underperformance rates of 90% or higher.  Fixed income managers had a better start to the year in relative terms, with no categories registering underperformance rates of over 90%.  Across both asset classes, however, underperformance rates increased to a similarly high average over a 10-year horizon.

Exhibit #1: SPIVA® Europe Mid-Year 2023
  • In H1 2023, 72% of British pound sterling-denominated and 76% of euro-denominated actively managed Europe Equity funds underperformed the S&P Europe 350®, while 77% of Eurozone Equity funds underperformed the S&P Eurozone BMI.
  • Euro-denominated Global Equity funds maintained a relatively high underperformance rate over longer time horizons. Over the 10-year period ending June 2023, 98% of funds underperformed the S&P Global 1200®.
  • British pound sterling- and euro-denominated U.S. Equity funds performed similarly, with 71% and 74% underperforming in the first half of 2023 in GBP and EUR, respectively, and 95% and 97%, respectively, underperforming over a 10-year horizon.
  • Only 12% of Poland Equity funds lagged the S&P Poland BMI in H1 2023, the lowest underperformance rate among major single-country categories.
  • Among country categories, 94%, 96% and 99% of France, Italy and Spain Equity funds lagged their benchmarks, respectively, in the first six months of 2023.
  • Actively managed K. Large-/Mid-Cap Equity funds had a good start to the year on a relative basis, with an underperformance rate of just 47% in H1 2023.
  • Meanwhile, 95% of actively managed U.K. Small-Cap Equity funds underperformed the S&P United Kingdom SmallCap in the first six months of 2023, the highest ever underperformance rate for this category.
  • For Government Bond (USD) funds, 86% underperformed the iBoxx Global Government United States in H1 2023, the highest underperformance rate among our fixed income categories. Meanwhile, Government Bond (GBP) funds performed relatively better, with 52% underperforming the iBoxx Sterling Gilts in the first half of 2023, although underperformance increased to 95% when measured over a 10-year period.
  • European corporate bond funds outperformed their high yield and government bond peers. Only 54% of Corporate Bond (EUR) funds underperformed the iBoxx Euro Corporates.  Meanwhile, 79% of High Yield Bond (EUR) funds underperformed the iBoxx Euro Liquid High Yield, while 81% of Government Bond (EUR) funds underperformed the iBoxx Euro Sovereigns in H1 2023.
  • Corporate Bond (USD) funds performed worse than their EUR and GBP peers, with 81% underperforming the iBoxx USD Corporates.

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SPIVA Latin America Mid-Year 2023

Summary

The S&P Indices Versus Active (SPIVA) Latin America Scorecard compares the performance of actively managed mutual funds in Brazil, Chile, and Mexico to their benchmarks over 1-, 3-, 5- and 10-year periods.

Mid-Year 2023 Highlights

In the first half of 2023, Latin American active managers produced mixed performance.  The majority of active managers in most categories failed to outperform, especially over longer periods.  Only in Brazil Corporate Bond and Chile Equity funds were underperformance rates below 50% over the first half of 2023.

SPIVA Latin America Mid-Year 2023: Exhibit 1

Brazil

  • The S&P Brazil BMI increased 10.6% YTD. Funds in the Brazil Equity category climbed 9.8% and 10.9% on equal and asset-weighted bases, respectively.  Of funds in this category, 58.1% underperformed the benchmark over the first half of the year, with underperformance rates rising to 76.6%, 74.5% and 92.3% over the 3-, 5- and 10-year horizons, respectively.
  • Large-cap companies posted 10.0% in the first half of 2023, as measured by the S&P Brazil LargeCap. Funds in this category gained 7.1% on both equal and asset-weighted bases over the same period.  In Brazil Large-Cap funds, 77.9% underperformed the index.  Longer-term underperformance increased, with 82.4% of funds trailing over a 10-year period.
  • In contrast, small- and mid-cap companies performed relatively better, with the S&P Brazil MidSmallCap up 11.9% YTD. Funds within this category gained 14.3% and 11.6% on equal and asset-weighted bases, respectively.  Outperformance in this category was close to even, with 53.7% of active managers underperforming in H1 2023 and underperformance rates increasing over longer periods.
  • Less than one-third of Brazil Corporate Bond funds underperformed, while 79.4% of Brazil Government Bond funds underperformed their benchmark over a six-month period. Consistent with their equity peers, rates of underperformance increased over longer periods.

Chile

  • The S&P Chile BMI was up 7.2% YTD. However, only 35.6% of Chile Equity funds underperformed the index over the same period, with higher levels of underperformance over longer intervals.
  • Larger funds performed relatively better than smaller funds over the 1-, 3-, 5- and 10-year periods on an asset-weighted basis versus an equal-weighted basis, while smaller funds outperformed over the first half of 2023. The greatest difference was the one-year period, at 186 bps, as asset-weighted performance of Chile Equity funds was 20.7%, while equal-weighted was 18.9%.

Mexico

  • The S&P/BMV IRT increased 12.4% over the first half of 2023. For Mexico Equity fund managers, success was particularly elusive in the first half of 2023, as 90.7% of active managers underperformed the S&P/BMV IRT.  Although slightly below the H1 2023 level, underperformance rates increased over 3-, 5 and 10-year periods, to 70.7%, 77.3% and 85.0%, respectively.
  • Despite the underperformance of most active managers in the first half of the year, the survival rates of active funds in Mexico were the highest of Latin America, at 100.0%, 100.0%, 90.9% and 72.5% over the 1-, 3-, 5- and 10-year periods, respectively.
  • Smaller funds performed better than larger funds over all periods, especially over the six-month period, with asset-weighted Mexico Equity funds performance 180 bps below equal-weighted performance.

SPIVA U.S. Mid-Year 2023

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Davide Di Gioia

Director, Index Investment Strategy

S&P Dow Jones Indices

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Anu R. Ganti

U.S. Head of Index Investment Strategy

S&P Dow Jones Indices

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Craig Lazzara

Managing Director, Index Investment Strategy

S&P Dow Jones Indices

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Grace Stoddart

Quantitative Associate, Index Investment Strategy

S&P Dow Jones Indices

SUMMARY

The S&P 500® rose by 16.9% in the first six months of 2023, marking a sharp rebound from its decline of 18.1% in 2022. The rally extended to smaller stocks, although less emphatically, as the S&P MidCap 400® increased 8.8% and the S&P SmallCap 600® returned 6.0%. Fixed income markets also gained ground, despite the uncertain course of inflation, continued Fed tightening, an inverted yield curve, and ructions connected to the demise of several regional banks.

Although active managers in a number of categories were able to outpace their benchmarks in the first six months of the year, in our largest and most closely watched comparison, 60% of all active large-cap U.S. equity managers underperformed the S&P 500. As Exhibit 1 illustrates, a majority of large-cap managers outperformed in only 3 of the last 23 years (missing by a whisker in 2022). But active underperformance is not a coincidence, and, as we will discuss, some of the factors that made it close last year worked in the opposite direction in the first six months of 2023.

SPIVA U.S. Mid-Year 2023: Exhibit 1

For smaller-capitalization U.S. equity managers, first-half results were more promising. Only 48% of mid-cap managers lagged the S&P MidCap 400, while a creditable 28% of small-cap managers underperformed the S&P SmallCap 600. What was particularly striking about our U.S. equity results was the divergent performance of growth and value specialists. Only 13% of large-cap growth managers underperformed the S&P 500 Growth index, with similar success rates among their mid- and small-cap counterparts. Meanwhile, 90% of large-cap value managers lagged the S&P 500 Value index; most mid- and small-cap value specialists also underperformed, although by smaller margins.

Funds incorporating non-U.S. stocks produced mixed results: slight outperformance among larger-cap international managers and modest underperformance among smaller caps, with generally good results for emerging markets and disappointing performance for global funds. Fixed income results were likewise mixed. The bright spots for active fixed income came in the municipal and some investment grade categories. Most government funds lagged their benchmarks, as did 100% of Core Plus Bond funds and 89% of funds in the General Investment-Grade category.

As we've noted in previous reports, underperformance rates typically rise as time horizons lengthen. Exhibit 2 illustrates the point. In the first six months of 2023, 10 of the 39 categories in this report saw more than 75% of managers underperform their benchmark. Over a five-year horizon, 24 categories saw this level of underperformance, and after 15 years, the tally rose to 32 categories. Meanwhile, after 15 years, there were no categories in which the majority of active managers outperformed.

SPIVA U.S. Mid-Year 2023: Exhibit 2

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SPIVA Australia Mid-Year 2023

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Anu R. Ganti

U.S. Head of Index Investment Strategy

S&P Dow Jones Indices

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Grace Stoddart

Quantitative Associate, Index Investment Strategy

S&P Dow Jones Indices

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Davide Di Gioia

Director, Index Investment Strategy

S&P Dow Jones Indices

The SPIVA Australia Scorecard measures the performance of Australian actively managed funds against their respective benchmarks over various time horizons, covering large-, mid- and small-cap equity funds, real estate funds and bond funds, providing statistics on outperformance rates, survivorship rates and fund performance dispersion.

Since the first publication of the S&P Indices Versus Active Funds (SPIVA) U.S. Scorecard in 2002, S&P Dow Jones Indices has been the de facto scorekeeper of the ongoing active versus passive debate. 

Mid-Year 2023 Highlights

A slim majority (55%) of Australian Equity General funds underperformed the S&P/ASX 200 in the first half of 2023. A higher percentage of funds underperformed their respective benchmarks in the International Equity General and Australian Equity A-REIT categories. Funds in the Australian Equity Mid- and Small-Cap and Australian Bonds categories had a better record: 48% and 45% underperformed their benchmarks, respectively.

SPIVA Australia Mid-Year 2023: Exhibit 1

  • Australian Equity General Funds: The S&P/ASX 200 gained 4.5% in the first half of 2023, while on average, Australian Equity General funds rose 4.6% on an equal-weighted basis and 4.7% on an asset-weighted basis. The underperformance rate over this period was 55%, with the proportion of underperforming funds increasing to 81%, 79% and 81% over the 5-, 10- and 15-year time horizons, respectively.
  • Australian Equity Mid- and Small-Cap Funds: The S&P/ASX Mid-Small rose 3.0% in the first half of the year, with Australian Equity Mid- and Small-Cap funds posting average gains of 3.7% on an equal-weighted basis and 5.1% on an asset-weighted basis. In this period, 48% of funds underperformed the benchmark, increasing to 64% over the 5-year horizon and 76% over the 10-year horizon.
  • International Equity General Funds: In the first six months of the year, 74% of funds in the International Equity General category underperformed the S&P Developed Ex-Australia LargeMidCap, which gained 18.1% over the period. International Equity General funds gained 16.1% and 14.8% on equal- and asset-weighted bases, respectively.  Underperformance rates increased over longer time horizons, with 95% of funds failing to beat the benchmark over 15 years.
  • Australian Bonds Funds: The S&P/ASX Australian Fixed Interest 0+ Index rose 1.7% in the first half of 2023, while Australian Bonds funds posted similar average returns of 1.7% on an equal-weighted basis and 1.9% on an asset-weighted basis. The proportion of active Australian Bonds funds that underperformed the benchmark in this period was 45%, with this percentage increasing to 48% over the three-year horizon and 62% over the five-year horizon.
  • Australian Equity A-REIT Funds: In the first half of 2023, 88% of funds in the Australian Equity A-REIT category underperformed the S&P/ASX 200 A-REIT, the highest rate of underperformance among reported categories. The S&P/ASX 200 A-REIT gained 3.9% over the period, while on average, active funds gained 2.8% on an equal-weighted basis and 2.5% on an asset-weighted basis.
  • Fund Survivorship: Liquidation rates were moderate in the first half of 2023, with the number of merged or liquidated funds in the single digits across all but one category. International Equity General funds had the highest attrition rate, with 3.5% of funds merged or liquidated over the six-month period.  The attrition rate increased over longer time horizons, with 57.7% of funds across all categories merged or liquidated in the 15 years between June 2008 and June 2023.

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