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SPIVA Latin America Year-End 2021

Australian Persistence Scorecard: Mid-Year 2021

Persistence Scorecard Latin America Mid-Year 2021

SPIVA Japan Mid-Year 2021

SPIVA Latin America Mid-Year 2021

SPIVA Latin America Year-End 2021

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María Sánchez

Director, Sustainability Index Product Management, U.S. Equity Indices

S&P Dow Jones Indices

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Cristopher Anguiano

Senior Analyst, U.S. Equity Indices

S&P Dow Jones Indices

SUMMARY

The S&P Indices Versus Active (SPIVA) Latin America Scorecard compares the performance of actively managed mutual funds in Brazil, Chile, and Mexico to their benchmarks over 1-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year periods.

The recovery trend that Latin American countries showed during the first half of 2021 was difficult to sustain during the second half of the year, especially for Brazilian equity markets, which ended the year in the red even in local currency. Inflationary pressures remained; in turn, central banks continued increasing interest rates. Although volatility continued to stabilize downward, it remained above pre-pandemic levels in the three countries covered in this report. Despite this environment, the majority of active managers across categories failed to outperform, especially over longer periods.

SPIVA Latin America Year-End 2021: Graph 1

Brazil

  • The Brazilian equity market dropped dramatically during the second half of 2021, with the S&P Brazil BMI falling 20.26% in the last six months of 2021 and ending the year down 14.89% (see Report 3). Large-cap and mid-/small-cap companies also suffered during the second half of 2021, returning -21.21% and -18.33%, respectively, as measured by the S&P Brazil LargeCap and S&P Brazil MidSmallCap. Additionally, the National Monetary Council reversed the policy interest rate (Selic) trend by increasing it 500 bps, from 4.25% to 9.25%, in the second half of 2021.
  • Over the one-year period, 66.67% of Brazil Large-Cap Funds outperformed their benchmark, while most active fund managers underperformed their benchmarks in the other categories: 60.26% of Brazil Equity Funds and 67.65% of the Brazil Mid-/Small-Cap Funds. In addition, active managers from all categories, with the exception of Brazil Large-Cap Funds, fared poorly relative to their respective benchmarks over all periods observed, particularly in the mid-/small-cap category, where just 8.45% of managers were able to beat their benchmark over the 10-year period (see Report 1).
  • The majority of Brazil Corporate Bond Funds underperformed their benchmarks over all periods observed, while 67.49% of Brazil Government Bond Funds were able to outperform their benchmark over the one-year period (see Report 1). Moreover, in this report, we observed poor survival rates for Brazil Corporate Bond Funds over the 5- and 10-year periods, with 26.88% and 31.67% surviving, respectively (see Report 2).

Chile

  • Chile struggled to continue the recovery seen in the first half of 2021 over the second half of the year, leading to a 3.40% return for the 12-month period ending Dec. 31, 2021, as measured by the S&P Chile BMI.
  • The majority of active equity fund managers underperformed the S&P Chile BMI over all periods studied, but the underperformance was especially high over the longer time periods, with 87.50% and 97.78% of active funds underperforming the benchmark over the 5- and 10-year periods, respectively (see Report 1). Funds underperformed the benchmark by medians of 1.79% and 2.25% over the 5- and 10-year periods, respectively (see Report 5).
  • Smaller funds performed relatively better than larger funds over 3-, 5- and 10-year periods on an equal-weighted basis (see Report 3) versus an asset-weighted basis, while large funds performed relatively better in the one-year period, with a difference of 138 bps (see Report 4).

Mexico

  • The S&P/BMV IRT gained 7.73% over the second half of 2021, resulting in a 24.38% return for the year. The majority of active managers underperformed the S&P/BMV IRT over all periods observed, with the worst result over the three-year period, with 91.49% of the funds underperforming their benchmark (see Report 1).
  • Median fund underperformance was 6.28%, 3.61%, 3.53%, and 2.07% for the 1-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year periods, respectively (see Report 5). Not even managers in the first quartile managed to outperform the benchmark over any period.
  • Despite the poor performance of active managers in the first half of the year, the survival rates of active funds in Mexico were the highest of Latin America, at 100%, 93.62%, 90.70%, and 77.78% over the 1-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year periods, respectively (see Report 2); this marked five scorecards in a row that the three- and five-year periods had the highest survivorship rate.
  • Smaller funds performed relatively better than larger funds over the one-, three-, and five-year periods on an equal-weighted basis, especially over the three-year period, with 158 bps of difference. For the 10-year period, larger funds performed relatively better (see Report 3).

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Australian Persistence Scorecard: Mid-Year 2021

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Priscilla Luk

Managing Director, Global Research & Design, APAC

S&P Dow Jones Indices

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Tim Wang

Senior Analyst, Global Research & Design

S&P Dow Jones Indices

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

  • While comparing active funds against their respective benchmark indices is a typical practice to evaluate their performance, persistence is an additional test that can reveal fund managers’ skills in different market environments.
  • In this report, we measure the performance persistence of active funds that outperformed their peers and benchmarks over consecutive three- and five-year periods, and we analyze their transition matrices over subsequent periods.
  • A minority of Australian high-performing funds persisted in outperforming their respective benchmarks or consistently stayed in their respective top quartiles for three consecutive years, and even fewer maintained these traits consistently for the five-year period. 

  • Among top-performing funds in the 12-month period ending in June 2017, only 3.0% maintained a top-quartile rank, and only 4.1% consistently beat their benchmarks in the following four consecutive years.
  • Over two successive three- and five-year periods, a majority of top performing funds failed to stay in the top quartile consistently.
  • Around half of the outperforming funds managed to beat their respective benchmarks consistently for two successive three-year periods, but much less for two successive five-year periods.
  • Out of the 166 Australian funds that ranked in their respective top quartile in the five-year period ending June 2016, only 26.5% of them remained in the top quartile in the subsequent five-year period.
  • Out of the 234 Australian funds that outperformed their respective benchmarks in the five year period ending in June 2016, only 34.2% continued to outperform in the following five-year period. 

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Persistence Scorecard Latin America Mid-Year 2021

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María Sánchez

Director, Sustainability Index Product Management, U.S. Equity Indices

S&P Dow Jones Indices

INTRODUCTION

A key dimension of any active versus passive debate is managers’ ability to consistently deliver above-average returns over multiple periods.  Persistence in performance is one out of many possible ways to differentiate skill from luck.

In this report, we measure the performance persistence of active funds in Brazil, Chile, and Mexico that outperformed their peers over consecutive three- and five-year periods.  We also analyze how their performance ranking transitioned over subsequent periods.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS

Brazil

  • Top performers in Brazilian fixed income fund categories showed better chances than equity categories of remaining in the top quartile over three years (see Report 1).

Persistence Scorecard Latin America Mid-Year 2021: Exhibit 1

  • Report 2 highlights the inability of top-performing equity fund managers to consistently repeat success in subsequent years. The least persistent were Brazil Equity Fund managers—by the fourth year, just 3% of them remained in the top quartile and none by the fifth year.
  • The majority of Brazil Corporate Bond Fund managers did not maintain consistent outperformance for five years in a row; only 7% of them were able to persist. Brazil Government Bond Fund managers did not show better results; 2% of them delivered consistent outperformance for five years in a row (see Report 2).
  • The five-year transition matrix (see Report 5) highlights the Brazil Corporate Bond Funds category. The chance of a winning fund remaining in the top quartile after five one-year periods was lower than the chance of it liquidating.
  • More than half (59%) of the top-quartile funds in the Brazil Equity Funds category remained in first and second quartile over the five-year period (see Report 5).

Chile

  • Report 2 shows the lack of persistence by equity managers in Chile—just 10% of top-performing funds in the first 12-month period repeated their outperformance after five years.
  • In Report 3, we can observe that 13% of the top-quartile funds in the first period of the three-year transition matrix remained in the top-quartile after three years.
  • Funds in third quartile of the five-year transition matrix were more likely to be liquidated (78%) than to stay or move to lower quartiles (see Report 5).

Mexico

  • As observed in the SPIVA® Latin America Mid-Year 2021 Scorecard, Mexico had a higher rate of fund survivorship than Brazil and Chile in the three- and five-year periods. Reports 3, 4, 5, and 6 show that Mexican funds had a lower chance of being shut down than Brazilian and Chilean funds.
  • The five-year performance persistence test (see Report 2) shows that top-quartile managers had difficulty replicating their outperformance in subsequent years. After one year, just 27% of managers remained in the top quartile, and by the end of year two, none remained.
  • Report 5 shows that top-quartile managers in the first five-year period survived in the second five-year period; however, they were more likely to move to the fourth quartile than remain in the top.

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SPIVA Japan Mid-Year 2021

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Priscilla Luk

Managing Director, Global Research & Design, APAC

S&P Dow Jones Indices

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Tim Wang

Senior Analyst, Global Research & Design

S&P Dow Jones Indices

SUMMARY

  • S&P Dow Jones Indices has been the de facto scorekeeper of the ongoing active versus passive debate since we first published the SPIVA U.S. Scorecard in 2002. Over the years, we have expanded the scorecard coverage into Australia, Canada, Europe, India, South Africa, Latin America, the Middle East and North Africa, and Japan.
  • The SPIVA Japan Scorecard reports on the performance of actively managed Japanese mutual funds against their respective benchmark indices over 1-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year investment horizons.
  • In this scorecard, we evaluated the returns of more than 774 Japanese large- and mid-/small-cap equity funds, along with more than 784 international equity funds investing in global, international, and emerging markets, as well as U.S. equities.

  • International equity markets posted stronger returns than the domestic equity market in the first half of 2021; however, a higher number of foreign equity funds underperformed their respective benchmark than domestic equity funds.
  • There was no consistent trend in the yearly active versus index figures, but we have consistently observed underperformance for the majority of Japanese active funds in most categories over the 10-year period.

SPIVA Japan Mid-Year 2021: Exhibit 1

Domestic Equity Funds

  • In the 12-month period ending June 2021, the S&P/TOPIX 150 and S&P Japan MidSmallCap posted strong gains of 30.40% and 22.96%, respectively. Over the same period, 58.1% and 26.1% of large- and mid-/small-cap equity funds underperformed their respective benchmarks, with average gains of 29.94% and 28.31%, respectively.
  • Over the 5- and 10-year horizons, 77.4% and 79.4% of Japanese large-cap funds underperformed the S&P/TOPIX 150, and they delivered lower equal-weighted average returns than the benchmark. In contrast, the percentage of underperforming funds in the Japan mid-/small-cap fund category was much smaller, and the equal-weighted average fund returns exceeded the S&P Japan MidSmallCap index return.
  • As of June 2021, 94.4% and 96.9% of Japanese large- and mid-/small-cap funds, respectively, survived during the one-year period, though the survivorship rates dropped to 62.8% and 67.8%, respectively, over the 10-year period.

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SPIVA Latin America Mid-Year 2021

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María Sánchez

Director, Sustainability Index Product Management, U.S. Equity Indices

S&P Dow Jones Indices

SUMMARY

The S&P Indices Versus Active (SPIVA) Latin America Scorecard compares the performance of actively managed mutual funds in Brazil, Chile, and Mexico to their benchmarks over 1-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year periods.

Markets continued recovering during the first half of 2021. The recovery was accompanied by some inflationary pressures and, in turn, central banks increasing interest rates. Although volatility has dropped from 2020's closing levels, it is still above pre-pandemic levels in the three countries covered in this report. Despite this environment, the majority of active managers across categories failed to outperform, especially over longer periods.

SPIVA Latin America Mid-Year 2021: Graph 1

Brazil

  • The Brazilian equity market’s upward trend at year-end 2020 extended into the first half of 2021, although a little more moderately, with the S&P Brazil BMI gaining 6.74% YTD and 36.87% over the past 12 months (see Report 3). Large-cap and mid-/small-cap companies also recovered during the first half of 2021, returning 4.29% and 12.36%, respectively, as measured by the S&P Brazil LargeCap and S&P Brazil MidSmallCap. On the other hand, the National Monetary Council reversed the policy interest rates (Selic) trend by increasing it 225 bps, from 2.00% to 4.25%, in the first half of 2021.
  • Over the one-year period, most active fund managers underperformed their benchmarks in all categories: 83.06% of Brazil Equity Funds, 80.80% of Brazil Large-Cap Funds, and 59.09% of the Brazil Mid-/Small-Cap Funds underperformed their benchmarks. In addition, active managers from all categories fared poorly relative to their respective benchmarks over all periods observed, particularly in the mid-/small-cap category, where just 8.70% and 8.33% of managers were able to beat their benchmark over the 5- and 10-year periods, respectively (see Report 1).
  • The majority of active bond fund managers underperformed their benchmarks over all the periods observed. Moreover, in this report, we observed the worst survival rate for Brazil Corporate Bond Funds over the 5- and 10-year periods in history, with 25.00% and 29.79% surviving, respectively (see Report 2).

Chile

  • The continued 3.83% recovery seen in Chilean equities over the first half of 2021 led to a 9.38% return for the 12-month period ending in June 2021, as measured by the S&P Chile BMI.
  • The majority of active equity fund managers underperformed the S&P Chile BMI over all periods studied but especially over the longer time periods, with 92.50% and 97.78% of active funds underperforming the benchmark over the 5- and 10-year periods, respectively (see Report 1). Funds underperformed the benchmark by medians of 1.95% and 2.24% over the 5- and 10-year periods, respectively (see Report 5).
  • Smaller funds performed relatively better than larger funds over all observed periods on an equal-weighted basis (see Report 3) versus an asset-weighted basis; the greatest difference was in the 10-year period, at 104 bps, as asset-weighted funds posted 2.84% and equal-weighted funds posted -1.80% (see Report 4).

Mexico

  • The S&P/BMV IRT gained 15.46% over the first half of 2021, resulting in a 36.87% return for the past 12 months. The majority of active managers underperformed the S&P/BMV IRT over all periods observed, with the worst result over the 10-year period, with 88.89% of the funds underperforming their benchmark (see Report 1).
  • Median fund underperformance was 6.88%, 3.30%, 3.76%, and 2.39% for the 1-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year periods, respectively (see Report 5). Not even managers in the first quartile managed to outperform the benchmark in any period.
  • Despite the poor performance of the active managers in the first half of the year, the survival rates of active funds in Mexico were the highest of Latin America, at 100%, 93.62%, 90.70%, and 77.78% over the 1-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year periods, respectively (see Report 2); this marked five scorecards in a row for the three- and five-year periods.
  • Smaller funds performed relatively better than larger funds over all observed periods on an equal-weighted basis, especially over the one-year period, with 244 bps of difference (see Report 3).

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